Abstract
Cereus Peruvianus (night blooming Cereus, or peruvian apple) is one of the sensitive species to Phoma attack. Photographic images can intercept a certain phytopathology, at a certain moment. The computerized analysis of such an image turns into a value the spread which the phytopathological process has at that moment. The purpose of this study is to assimilate the technique of achieving successions of digital photos of Cereus peruvianus f. monstruosa attacked by Phoma sp. Parallely with recording the images, with the help of Rhythm digital temperature humidity controller, were recorded data about the green house microclimate (air humidity-minimum and maximum, temperature-minimum and maximum). In the first stage of the study, the attack presents small fluctuations, reaching a high level in days with low temperatures. So, the most significant growths were recorded in the periods: 10. 02. 2005-20. 02. 2005 with an affected area of 10.97-8.82 = 2.15 and 11. 03. 2005-22. 04. 2005 with growth differences of 14.67-13.32 = 1.35. Generally, the affected areas grow in days with low minimum temperatures. The great advantage of this technique is represented by the possibility of using in situ in home areas of species or crop plants in fields. Repeated images, achieved in time, then overlapped, can provide important data on the evolution of affected areas.
Highlights
Cacti are original from the American continent
The most important cacti diseases can be grouped according to their pathogenic agents: bacterial diseases (Erwinia carotovora, Erwinia cacticida, Agrobacterium tumefaciens), yeast diseases (Candida boidimi), fungal diseases (Armillaria mellea, Alternaria alternata, Phytophthora cactorum, Phytophthora nicotianae, Botrytis cinerea, Pleospora herbanum, Sclerotinia sclerotium, Fusarium oxysporum, Gleosporium herbarum), phytoplasmalike and viruslike disease (Nobel, 2002)
The technique was first used in tracing affected area for Cactacee, but can be broadly used in phytopathology
Summary
Cacti are original from the American continent. In the vast habitat occupied by the Cactaceae family, which ranges between 35 degrees North latitude in Canada and 54 degrees South latitude, in the region of Magellan strait, where environment conditions are extremely varied. Many authors, including Ridings, 1978; Miller, 1980; Rosciglione, 1980; Anson, 1982; Chase 1982; Arnold, 1986; Nakhutsrishvili, 1986; Simay, 1987; Turner, 1992; Glang, 1993; Chavez, 1998; Anderson, 1999; Kobayashi, 2000; Swart et al, 2002, describe cacti multitude of diseases. Feszt et al, 2006, has published diameter measurements of the viruses extracted from Cactaceae vegetative multiplied from Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden (Romania) collection.
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