Abstract
This study focuses on the dynamic modelling and analysis of the wind turbine blades made of multiple layers of fibre reinforced composites and core materials. For this purpose, a novel three-dimensional analytical straight beam model for blades is formulated. This model assumes that the beam is made of functionally graded material (FGM) and has a variable and asymmetrical cross section. In this model, the blades are assumed to be thin, slender and long with a relatively straight axis. They have two main parts, namely the core and the shell. The so-called core consists of a lightweight isotropic foam material, which also adds significant damping to the system. The core material is covered by the shell, which is modelled using homogenous and orthotropic material assumptions as the structure is reinforced with continuous fibres. Therefore, the blades are modelled under a straight beam with varying cross-section assumptions, in which the effective elastic properties are acquired by homogenizing the cross section. The beam formulation for modelling the system is performed both analytically and numerically with the finite element method. The results of both methods are in well agreement. The maximum deviation between the results is found below 4%.
Highlights
The demand for energy increases day by day as the human population and industry grow fast
The blades have varying cross sections, and the composite materials used in the wind turbine blades usually consist of fibre reinforced polymers
Analytical Model An analytical formulation for a straight beam with a varying cross section and made of functionally graded material is presented for modelling wind turbine blades
Summary
The demand for energy increases day by day as the human population and industry grow fast. To reduce the computational cost of using shells as well as the error that symmetric isotropic and homogeneous beams cause, more advanced beam formulations that are designated to model certain structures, such as propellers and wind turbine blades by taking into account axial loading, shear deformations etc., are developed [16,18,19,20]. The blades have varying cross sections, and the composite materials used in the wind turbine blades usually consist of fibre reinforced polymers These composites are strongly orthotropic with changing orientation angles of the reinforcing fibres along the beam axis. The wind turbine blades usually undergo large deformations, the most common beam formulations, namely the Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam theories for straight and uniform beams, only include small displacements Under these assumptions, performing analytical solutions even for frames are possible [27]. FiCnraolslys-,stehcetinoonvAelnaanlyasliystSicoafltwfoarrme)u, ltahtaiot ncaonf rtuhne tohnreGeN-dUimOecnt-ave, an opensional straight besaomuricsevsaolfitdwaaterde [w52it,h53t]h. eFminoaldlya,ltahneanlyosviselraesnualltystiocfatlhfeortmhruelea-tdioimn eonfstihoentahlree-dimensional finite element mostdreali.ght beam is validated with the modal analysis results of the three-dimensional finite element model
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