Abstract
We study nonlinear elastic phenomena at the laboratory scale to help interpret the subtle velocity changes observed in the Earth’s crust, for instance, during strong ground motion, earthquake slip processes or Earth tides. Dynamic Acousto-Elastic Testing (DAET) provides unprecedented details on the nonlinear elastic response of consolidated granular media (e.g., rocks, concrete), including tension/compression asymmetry, hysteretic behaviors as well as conditioning and relaxation effects. Such technique uses a pump-probe scheme where a high frequency, low amplitude wave probes the state of a sample that is dynamically disturbed by a low frequency, large amplitude pump wave. While previous work typically involved a single pair of probing transducers, here we use two dense arrays of ultrasonic transducers to image a sample of Westerly granite with a complex fracture. We apply double beamforming to disentangle complex arrivals and conduct ray-based and finite-frequency tomography using both travel time and am...
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