Dynamic 3D Simulation of Flood Risk Based on the Integration of Spatio-Temporal GIS and Hydrodynamic Models

Yongxing Wu,Fei Peng,Yang Peng,Qi Li,Xiaoyang Kong,Heming Liang

doi:10.3390/ijgi8110520

Abstract

Dynamic visual simulation of flood risk is crucial for scientific and intelligent emergency management of flood disasters, in which data quality, availability, visualization, and interoperability are important. Here, a seamless integration of a spatio-temporal Geographic Information System (GIS) with one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models is achieved for data flow, calculation processes, operation flow, and system functions. Oblique photography-based three-dimensional (3D) modeling technology is used to quickly build a 3D model of the study area (including the hydraulic engineering facilities). A multisource spatio-temporal data platform for dynamically simulating flood risk was built based on the digital earth platform. Using the spatio-temporal computation framework, a dynamic visual simulation and decision support system for flood risk management was developed for the Xiashan Reservoir. The integration method proposed here was verified using flood simulation calculations, dynamic visual simulations, and downstream river channel and dam-break flood simulations. The results show that the proposed methods greatly improve the efficiency of flood risk simulation and decision support. The methods and system put forward in this study can be applied to flood risk simulations and practical management.

Highlights

Water is important for human survival, but it is the source of many disasters
The method proposed in this paper is used to quickly construct flood risk simulation spatio-temporal Geographic Information System (GIS), which provides up-to-date data for hydrodynamic model computations
This study focused on the construction of spatio-temporal GIS by using oblique photography and the seamless integration of spatio-temporal GIS and hydrodynamic models

Summary

Introduction

According to the 2018 disaster report for China, flood disasters are one of the main natural disasters for the country [1]. It is crucial for ecologically-based development to understand how to scientifically prevent flood disasters and protect and properly use water resources. Hydrodynamic models are core quantitative calculations in emergency flood disaster management [2,3,4] and can accurately simulate the instantaneous dynamic evolution and medium- to long-term development of a flood [5]. By using digital hydrodynamic models to calculate the water depth and flow velocity, flood evolution and inundated areas could be simulated and displayed in a 3D virtual environment, enhancing decision-makers’, the public’s, and other stakeholders’

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion