Abstract
Efficient and economical treatment for color removal in the effluent of dyeing units and the dyestuff production units have always need an emerging technologies. In general physical methods such as adsorption, ion exchange and filtration/coagulation methods, chemical methods like ionization, Fenton reagent, photo catalytic & biological processes namely aerobic/anaerobic degradation, biosorption are used for dye removal. Adsorption using solid materials (i.e.) adsorbents, considered as an effective process for color removal, because of its higher efficiency over other processes. Researchers made an attempt to use various non-conventional, low-cost, naturally-occurring biomasses as adsorbent, which may be mineral, organic or biological materials. These include fruit peels, seeds, leaves, bark, sawdust, straw, ash sludge and other materials that are available in abundant quantity. The various methods showed the color removal capability of adsorbents; mainly based on the processing methods and the variety of dye. In this review, various dye adsorbents and their capacity for removing the dyes from various effluents is highlighted.
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