Abstract
Madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) has been used for dyeing textiles since the Stone Age. Common madder produces pigments in its roots, such as alizarin, pseudopurpurin, purpurin, munjistin, rubiadin, xanthopurpurin, purpuroxanthin, lucidin, chinizarin, christofin, and antrhagallol. Madder gives a unique red colour to textiles. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of different mordant concentration on silk dyeing by using madder extract. Degummed and bleached, woven silk fabric was used. Alum [KAl(SO4)2.12H2O] was used as mordant. All reagents were analytical grade. Silk fabrics were scoured by soap (35% w/w) at 90°C for 1.5 hours. Liquor ratio was 100:1. Dyeing was performed at 65°C, 100% owf, for 2 hours. Mordanting procedure was achieved at different mordant ratio, for 2 hours, at 65°C. All color measurements were performed using Minolta 3600D spectrophotometer (D65 illuminant, specular included, 10° observer angle). Colour fastness to washing, light, perspiration and rubbing was performed according to ISO 105 C06, ISO 105 B02, ISO 105 E04 and ISO 105 X12 respectively. Each dyed silk fabrics were analysed RP-HPLC-DAD. Semi-quantities of colouring compounds were determined in the dyed silk fabrics, depending on the amounts of mordant metal.
Highlights
Natural dyes are obtained from dye plants and dye animals in nature [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Anthraquinones, naturally occurring in the madder roots (Rubia tinctorum L.), have been used for dyeing fabrics or fibres especially to the colour red and they have been used as a lake pigment rarely since ancient times [19]
Madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) and other alizarin-containing plants belong to the most important group of red dyestuffs found in nature all over the world
Summary
Natural dyes are obtained from dye plants and dye animals in nature [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Anthraquinones, naturally occurring in the madder roots (Rubia tinctorum L.), have been used for dyeing fabrics or fibres especially to the colour red and they have been used as a lake pigment rarely since ancient times [19]. In addition to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal and hypotensive effects; anthraquinones have been known for their various effects such as anticancer and skin diseases [20]. Madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) and other alizarin-containing plants belong to the most important group of red dyestuffs found in nature all over the world.
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