Abstract
Of late, dyeing fabrics with natural colorants have been the attention of the industry. Natural colorants especially from plants have the advantage of being friendly towards the environment as the extraction, processing and dyeing procedures are considered green and safe. However, most natural dyes have poor colourfastness and needed mordants to improve their dyeability. In this study, the addition of Entada spiralis was utilized as a surface modifier to improve dyeability on 100% silk fabrics using extracts from red cabbage. The plant serves as a surface-active agent to reduce the surface tension of the fabrics. The surfactant is also a natural resource and therefore is not harmful to the environment. The Entada spiralis was extracted through boiling for 30 minutes on a hot plate before treating the extracts on the fabrics. During dyeing, lime was used as the mordant simultaneously with dyeing. The dyed fabrics were evaluated for colorfastness to washing, rubbing/crocking and perspiration using the Gray Scale Standard. In addition, the dyed fabrics were also measured for their colour strength, colour coordinates and % reflectance. The results showed that dyed fabrics with Entada spiralis have darker shades in comparisons with the untreated fabric.
Highlights
Synthetic dyes have been the dominant material for dyeing of textiles
The treated samples with Entada spiralis as the surfactant contributed to give much darker colour shades to the dyed fabrics
It can be concluded that silk fabrics can be dyed with natural dyes and surfactant to give darker colour shades than on untreated fabrics
Summary
Synthetic dyes have been the dominant material for dyeing of textiles. The dyes can be obtained from the market and available in a wide range of colours with excellent overall colourfastness. Synthetic dyes are harmful to the environment They are made from chemicals, relatively costly, toxic, not biodegradable and can cause health effects such as skin irritation [1]. In this study, red cabbage or known as Brassica oleracea L. was used as the natural dye source while Entada spiralis was used as a natural surfactant to treat the fabric samples before the dyeing process. The tree barks have many benefits and have been used as a shampoo, soap and relieving treatment such as insect bites [19]. This plant can be an antimicrobial and antifungal agent that can prevent from any fungal pathogens [20]. Baliarsingh [22] and Saxena [7] stated that the effectiveness of mordant on colour has been proven to give good wash fastness as the mordant forms an insoluble complex with the dye
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