Dye degradation by early colonizing marine bacteria from the Arabian Sea, India.

Abstract

Malachite green dye belongs to the triphenylmethane group and is a common environmental pollutant that threatens non-target organisms. We report the potential of the early colonizing marine bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ESPS40 isolated from the Arabian Sea, India, to decolorize malachite green (MG). The bacterium ESPS40 exhibited a higher ability for MG degradation (86-88%) at varying NaCl concentrations (1-3%). The highest MG degradation (~ 88%) was observed at 1% NaCl. Thebacterialstrain ESPS40 showed degradation up to 800mg L-1 MG. Further, enzyme activities such as tyrosinase (63.48-526.52 U L-1) and laccase (3.62-28.20 U L-1) were also analyzed with varying concentrations (100mg L-1-1000mg L-1) of MG during the degradation process. The dye degradation was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The outcome of the present study demonstrated Pseudomonas sp. ESPS40 as a potential strain for the efficient degradation of MG at higher concentrations. Thus, Pseudomonas sp. ESPS40 can be utilized as a potential candidate for the biodegradation of MG in wastewater treatment.