Dye Decolourisation Using Two Klebsiella Strains.

Ewa Zabłocka-Godlewska,Wioletta Przystaś,Elżbieta Grabińska-Sota

doi:10.1007/s11270-014-2249-6

Ewa Zabłocka-Godlewska, Wioletta Przystaś + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2249-6

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Abstract

This study aimed to decolourise different dyes using two Klebsiella strains (Bz4 and Rz7) in different concentrations and incubation conditions. Azo (Evans blue (EB)) and triphenylmethane (brilliant green (BG)) dyes were used individually and in mixture. The toxicity of the biotransformation products was estimated. Both strains had a significant potential to decolourise the dyes in the fluorone, azo and triphenylmethane classes. The type and concentration of dye affects the decolourisation effectiveness. Differences in the dye removal potential were observed particularly in the main experiment. The best results were obtained for Bz4 in the samples with EB (up to 95.4 %) and dye mixture (up to 99 %) and for Rz7 with BG (100 %). The living and dead biomass of the strain Bz4 highly absorbs the dyes. Significant effect of the process conditions was noticed for both strains. The best results were obtained in static and semistatic samples (89–99 %) for the removal of EB and a mixture of dyes and in static samples (100 %) for BG. The decrease in zootoxicity (from class IV/V) was noticed in all samples with living biomass of the strain Bz4 (to class III/IV) and in samples with single dyes for Rz7 (to class III/IV). The decrease in phytotoxicity (from class III/IV) was noticed for Bz4 in the samples with BG and a mixture (to class III) and for Rz7 in the samples with BG (to class III). The process conditions did not affect the changes in toxicity after the process.

Highlights

This study concentrates on the effectiveness of dye decolourisation using two Klebsiella strains isolated from two different sites
The best dye removal results were obtained for Bengal rose, and the worst result was obtained for crystal violet
The strain Bz4 was more sensitive to higher concentrations of crystal violet and brilliant green

Summary

Introduction

Azo and triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes are classes of synthetic dyes that are used in many industrial branches for dyeing, e.g. wool, cotton, nylon, leather, paper, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, plastic and petroleum products (An et al 2002; Cui et al 2012; Franciscon et al 2009a, b; Hamid and Rehman 2009; Koyani et al 2013; Padamavathy et al 2003; Somasiri et al 2006; Swamy and Ramsay 1999; Tony et al 2009; Younes et al 2012).The common usage of dyes causes an increase of their concentration in the environment. They are gradually accumulated in the food chain (Azmi et al 1998; Banat et al 1996; Forgacs et al 2004; Franciscon et al 2009a, b; Hamid and Rehman 2009; Koyani et al 2013; Pointing and Vrijmoed 2000; Sani and Banerjee 1999; Wong and Yuen 1998). Biodegradation is considered an environmentally friendly and cost-effective option (An et al 2002; Chen et al 2003; Cui et al 2012; Franciscon et al 2009a, b; Wang et al 2012; Wu et al 2009; Wu et al 2012)

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