Abstract
The effective reuse of waste glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) is desired. We previously produced porous ceramics by firing mixtures of crushed GFRP and clay in a reducing atmosphere and demonstrated their applicability as adsorbents for the removal of basic dyes from dyeing wastewater. However, the primary influencing factors and the dye adsorption mechanism have not been fully elucidated, and the adsorption of acidic and direct dyes has not been clarified. In this study, adsorption tests were conducted, and the effects of the firing atmosphere, specific surface area, type of dye, and individual components were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that reductively fired ceramics containing plastic carbide residue adsorbed basic dye very well but did not adsorb acidic dye well. The clay structure was the primary factor for the dye adsorption rather than the GFRP carbide. The mechanism for the basic dye adsorption appears to have been an increase in specific surface area due to the plastic carbide residue in the ceramic structure, which increased the ion exchange between the clay minerals and the dye. By adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution, the GFRP/clay ceramic also adsorbed considerable amounts of direct dye, so the mechanism was determined to be ion exchange with the calcium component of the glass fibers.
Highlights
Glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) is used in various products that require low weight and high strength, such as automobile parts, small ships, and wind turbine rotor blades
The oxidatively fired GFRP/clay ceramic samples had a lower reduction rate than the clay ceramic sample, and the rate decreased as the GFRP mixing ratio in
The oxidatively fired GFRP/clay ceramic samples had a lower reduction rate than the clay ceramic sample, and the rate decreased as the GFRP mixing ratio increased
Summary
Glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) is used in various products that require low weight and high strength, such as automobile parts, small ships, and wind turbine rotor blades. Firing a mixture of GFRP and clay powders in an oxidizing atmosphere produces a ceramic with high porosity in which the clay matrix is reinforced by glass fibers. This leads to high water permeability, so the ceramic can be applied as a filtering material for turbid water treatment [14] and water-permeable paving blocks [15]. Firing the mixture of GFRP and clay in a reducing atmosphere increases the specific surface area of the produced ceramic This may be because plastic carbides remain in the ceramic structure, which includes a large number of nano-sized pores [16]. Adsorption tests with methylene blue (MB) dye verified that reductively fired
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