DWT-based grey-scale image watermarking using area of best fit equation and cuckoo search algorithm

Abstract

This manuscript explains the salient features of a recently presented nature inspired algorithm for the improvement of digital image watermarking used in copyright protection. In the embedding process, the grey image is divided into four sub-bands using DWT, and the desired sub-bands are selected. In the selected two sub-bands (LH, HL), a mathematical equation of area of best fit is applied. The cuckoo search algorithm in focus is used to entirely recognise optimal positions in the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) domain for watermark enclosure in the binary image. The results display the supremacy of using this algorithm for the watermarking techniques focused for copyright protection; besides the lowest effect to the PSNR values the optimum positions are obtained even for the watermark included images.