DWS-YOLO: A Lightweight Detector for Blood Cell Detection

Abstract

ABSTRACT Peripheral blood cell detection is an essential component of medical practice and is used to diagnose and treat diseases, as well as to monitor the progress of therapies. Our objective is to construct an efficient deep learning model for peripheral blood cell analysis that achieves an optimized balance between inference speed, computational complexity, and detection accuracy. In this article, we propose the DWS-YOLO blood detector, which is a lightweight blood detector. Our model includes several improved modules, including the lightweight C3 module, the increased combined attention mechanism, the Scylla-IoU loss function, and the improved soft non-maximum suppression. Improved attention, loss function, and suppression enhance detection accuracy, while lightweight C3 module reduces computation time. The experiment results demonstrate that our proposed modules can enhance a detector’s detection performance, and obtain new state-of-the-art (SOTA) results and excellent robustness performance on the BCCD dataset. On the white blood cell detection dataset (Raabin-WBC), the proposed detector’s generalization performance was confirmed to be satisfactory. Our proposed blood detector achieves high detection accuracy while requiring few computational resources and is very suitable for resource-limited but efficient medical device environments, providing a reliable and advanced solution for blood detection that greatly improves the efficiency and effectiveness of peripheral blood cell analysis in clinical practice.