Abstract
During a short window of Drosophila oogenesis, piRNA biogenesis may be boosted and mobilization of transposable elements allowed.
Highlights
PiRNAs arise from specific genomic clusters called PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) clusters that are mainly localized in pericentomeric regions
Piwiless pocket (Pilp): piRNA amplification, transposable elements (TEs) mobilization downregulation of Piwi occurs during early oogenesis when cysts divide (Dufourt et al, 2014)
We propose that this short window of oogenesis could correspond to the moment at which mRNAs are synthesized from TEs, as a consequence of which the ping-pong cycle is boosted, resulting in an increasing pool of piRNAs, and TE replication cycles are allowed
Summary
These clusters are transcribed uni/bi-directionnally as long singlestranded RNA precursors by the RNA polII (Sienski et al, 2012; Goriaux et al, 2014; Mohn et al, 2014) In the germline, these precursors are processed into piRNAs within specific cytoplasmic regions called the nuage prior to being loaded onto Piwi and Aub proteins. Subsequent cleavage prompts the biogenesis of new piRNAs bound to Aub whose sequence is identical to that of the initiator piRNA This loop of amplification, called the ping-pong cycle, amplifies silencing-competent piRNAs (Brennecke et al, 2007). Acting together, these two mechanisms, TGS and PTGS, tightly repress TE transposition in the germ line and act as guardians of genome integrity.
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