Duration of immunity in salmonids vaccinated by direct immersion with Yersinia ruckeri and Vibrio anguillarum bacterins

Abstract

Abstract. The level of protective immunity was determined for several salmonid species following vaccination by the direct immersion method with commercial Vibrio anguillarum (two serotypes) and Yersinia ruckeri (Hagerman strain) bacterins. The duration of protective immunity varied with the bacterin concentration, size and species of fish, but the duration between the two bacterins was comparable. In fish under 1 g duration of protective immunity was longest when the most concentrated bacterin was used. Generally, immunity lasted in 1‐g fish for about 120 days, in 2‐g fish for about 180 days, but in 4‐g fish and larger immunity lasted for a year or longer. Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and sockeye salmon (O. nerka) retained immunity for a longer time and pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) the shortest time. Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were intermediate. Field data generally followed the laboratory tests, but the duration appeared somewhat shortened. In one test 20‐g rainbow trout were vaccinated by the shower method and no loss of immunity occurred after 311 days.