Abstract
Sleep duration and quality have been associated with poor physical function, but both the temporality of the association and the independence of sleep duration and quality are unclear. We examined the prospective association of sleep duration and quality with physical function impairment and disability in older adults. Data were taken from participants in the Seniors-ENRICA (2012-2015, n= 1,773) and in the ELSA cohort (waves 4 and 6, n=4,885) aged ≥60 years. Sleep duration and quality were self-reported. Physical function impairment and disability was obtained either from self-reports (ENRICA and ELSA) or from performance assessment (ENRICA). Logistic regression models were adjusted for potential confounders. After a follow-up of 2.0-2.8 years, no association was found between changes in sleep duration and physical function impairment or disability. However, in both studies, poor general sleep quality was linked to higher risk of impaired agility [OR: 1.93 (95% CI: 1.30-2.86) in Seniors-ENRICA and 1.65 (1.24-2.18) in ELSA study] and mobility [1.46 (0.98-2.17) in Seniors-ENRICA and 1.59 (1.18-2.15) in ELSA study]. Poor general sleep quality was also associated with decreased physical component summary (PCS) [1.39 (1.05-1.83)], disability in instrumental activities of daily living [1.59 (0.97-2.59)] and in basic activities of daily living [1.73 (1.14-2.64)] in Seniors-ENRICA. In addition, compared to those with no sleep complaints, participants with 2 or more sleep complaints had greater risk of impaired agility, impaired mobility, decreased PCS and impaired lower extremity function in both cohorts. Poor sleep quality was associated with higher risk of physical impairment and disability in older adults from Spain and from England.
Highlights
Sleep duration and quality have been associated with poor physical function, but both the temporality of the association and the independence of sleep duration and quality are unclear
Sleep duration and sleep quality are two of the potentially modifiable factors that have been associated with physical function impairment, disability and related
* Logistic regression models. † Adjusted for educational level, body mass index (BMI) at baseline and change, change in tobacco consumption, baseline intake of alcohol (5-7 times/week, 1-4 times/week, 0-2 times/month), baseline and change in time spent watching TV(h/wk, tertiles), baseline diagnosed diseases and baseline sleep duration (≤6, 7-8, ≥9 h). ‡ adjusted for baseline physical activity (>once/week, once/week, 1-3 times/ month, hardly ever/never). § adjusted for change in sleep duration. In this prospective study of community-dwelling older adults from two European countries, general poor sleep quality and several sleep complaints were associated with higher risk of physical function impairment and disability
Summary
Sleep duration and quality have been associated with poor physical function, but both the temporality of the association and the independence of sleep duration and quality are unclear. We examined the prospective association of sleep duration and quality with physical function impairment and disability in older adults. After a follow-up of 2.0-2.8 years, no association was found between changes in sleep duration and physical function impairment or disability. In both studies, poor general sleep quality was linked to higher risk of impaired agility [OR: 1.93 (95% CI: 1.30-2.86) in Seniors-ENRICA and 1.65 (1.24-2.18) in ELSA study] and mobility [1.46 (0.98-2.17) in Seniors-ENRICA and 1.59 (1.18-2.15) in ELSA study]. Sleep duration and sleep quality are two of the potentially modifiable factors that have been associated with physical function impairment, disability and related. None of the three studies explored many dimensions of functional condition and sleep characteristics (duration and quality) using the number of variables used in this study
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