Durability of Fly Ash Geopolymer Hybrid Concrete in Seawater, Sulfuric Acid, and Fire Resistant – A Review

Abstract

Fly ash is a hazardous and toxic waste material from burning coal. However, it can be used as a material of geopolymer concrete because it contains high amounts of silica and alumina. Recent research on geopolymer concrete is still being conducted because it is part of green building material. This review aims to determine and analyzed the durability of fly ash geopolymer hybrid concrete in aggressive environments. The environment studied included seawater, sulfuric acid, and elevated temperature. OPC concrete is a high calcium material; therefore it is susceptible to aggressive environments compared with OPC concrete, geopolymer concrete contains aluminosilicate and low calcium material, which is not reactive with aggressive environment. The method used in this study is a literature review of several relevant research sources, and data were collected and analyzed. The results showed that fly ash geopolymer hybrid concrete had increase compressive strength compared to OPC concrete. In the seawater environment, the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete increases from 10%-15%. The compressive strength of geopolymer concrete also increases in a sulfuric acid environment up to 360 days of test age, and it is resistant to fire up until 800 °C. Likewise, the porosity of the geopolymer fly ash concrete decreased while the OPC concrete increased. According to the analysis and discussion results, it was resumed that fly ash geopolymer concrete is more environmentally friendly and durable than OPC concrete, especially in seawater, sulfuric acid, and post-fire environments.