Abstract
Open-graded friction course (OGFC) asphalt mixture, usually used to construct porous pavements, represents one of the materials supporting low-impact development (LID) philosophy due to its use of coarse aggregate gradation. Using such mixtures brings several benefits related to safety, environment and economy. Alas, coarse, open-graded skeleton of OGFC mixtures is prone to failure, particularly raveling and stripping. Continuous traffic loading and the environmental impacts give hand in hand to further increase the potential for failure, hence higher pavement maintenance and rehabilitation costs. Application of different types of modifiers has proved effective in mitigating failure potential. The most common modifiers are polymers, fibers and anti-stripping agents. Aiming at minimizing the costs and maximizing the lifespan while considering sustainability, the study was to investigate the effect of using a recycled stabilizing material as an asphalt modifier on the performance of OGFC asphalt mixtures. Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene (R-LDP) was adopted in this investigation. Changes in mixture air void, porosity, draindown, permeability, rut depth, moisture damage and abrasion loss were observed to evaluate the effect. Compared with unmodified asphalt samples, R-LDP modification increased mixture air void, porosity and permeability by 15%, 10% and at least 40%, respectively. Also, it noticeably contributed to reducing rut depth, moisture damage and abrasion loss (both unaged and aged) by 31%, 20% and at least 40%, respectively. More significantly, it almost eliminated the draindown problem. Incorporating R-LDP proved effective in upgrading OGFC mixture properties to an acceptable level required by most specifications.
Highlights
Introduction and backgroundOpen-graded friction course (OGFC) asphalt mixture, mainly used to construct porous/pervious pavements, is one of the important materials contributing to the sustainability of transportation infrastructures
The stone-on-stone contact verification of the aggregate was determined following the calculation of the voids in coarse aggregate (VCA) procedure recommended by ASTM D7064/D7064M [25]
At h2 where, K is permeability, A is the cross-section area of the specimen, a is the cross-section area of the stand pipe, L is the height of the specimen, t is the time required for the water to flow through the sample, h1 is the head above the sample surface (365 mm), h2 is the head above the sample surface (140 mm)
Summary
Open-graded friction course (OGFC) asphalt mixture, mainly used to construct porous/pervious pavements, is one of the important materials contributing to the sustainability of transportation infrastructures. Interaction into the air voids, OGFC asphalt mixture reduces the traffic noise noticeably. Due to the high increment in traffic demand leading to further pavement distresses, and in line with addressing sustainability principles in pavement engineering, application of recycled and byproduct materials is strongly advocated to improve the performance of asphalt mixtures and extend pavement lifespan [1,14,15]. R-LDP is characterized with its nonpolar low-crystillized nature Such a property lowers its immersibility when mixed with asphalt binder, grafting with chemically reactive materials and resulting in a tougher binder [22,23]. The aim is to study the effect of R-LDP on the durability of OGFC asphalt mixture
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