Abstract
Since the end of the last century a lot of research on ductile damaging and fracture process has been carried out. The interest and the attention on the topic are due to several aspects. The margin to reduce the costs of production or maintenance can be still improved by a better knowledge of the ductile failure, leading to the necessity to overcome traditional approaches. New materials or technologies introduced in the industrial market require new strategies and approaches to model the metal behavior. In particular, the increase of the computational power together with the use of finite elements (FE), extended finite elements (X-FE), discrete elements (DE) methods need the formulation of constitutive models capable of describing accurately the physical phenomenon of the damaging process. Therefore, the recent development of novel constitutive models and damage criteria. This work offers an overview on the current state of the art in non-linear deformation and damaging process reviewing the main constitutive models and their numerical applications.
Highlights
The generation of large inelastic deformations accompanied by the progressive degradation of mechanical properties, and by the material failure, is a relevant topic in many competitive industrial sectors
B efore dealing with the experimental characterization and the numerical modeling of the damage phenomenon it is necessary to point out some different mechanisms that lead to the formation of macro cracks
Experimental characterization of the damage is another fundamental aspect to reach a reliable numerical modeling of the phenomena, and at the same time to offer a tool for the maintenance of existing structures
Summary
The generation of large inelastic deformations accompanied by the progressive degradation of mechanical properties, and by the material failure, is a relevant topic in many competitive industrial sectors (automotive, construction, naval, etc.). The prediction of the failure mechanism can lead to a better design of components and structure, with a consistent reduction in the costs production and, more importantly, in maintenance costs It can help the development and use of new materials and technologies, especially in applications linked to emerging industrial sectors such as biomedical, robotics, and aerospace. Recent experimental investigations on non-linear deformations and rapture under various loading/boundary conditions provide useful information for the development of constitutive models or empirical formulas for the description of the damage processes. An overview of the available models for the damage description, and a discussion of the main aspects of each theory, is offered together with references of recent applications.
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