Dual-phase-lag heat conduction in FG carbon nanotube reinforced polymer composites

Abstract

The numerical simulation of non-Fourier, dual-phase-lag (DPL) heat conduction in carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced composites has been performed by developing the differential quadrature method (DQM) application. Although using the non-Fourier heat conduction has become popular, most of the simulations are conducted over simple geometries due to numerical restrictions. DQM copes with this problem easily even with complicated boundary conditions. The proposed method discretizes the time domain in the form of blocks. Each block contains several time levels, and each block needs to solve separately by using the output of one block as an initial condition of the next block. The effect of volume fraction of CNT on the temperature and heat flux profile is investigated, and all parameters are considered temperature dependent. To show the influence of time lag parameters, the Fourier, hyperbolic heat conduction and DPL heat conduction models were compared. Furthermore, various types of dynamic thermal loading have been examined to obtain the transient temperature distributions. We show the presence of heat wave in DPL heat conduction by considering the time lag parameter in the microstructural interactions of fast transient heat conduction. It is found that considering the mechanical properties of the CNTs dependent to the temperature is crucial to obtain accurate results.