Dual-layer and dual-polarized metamaterial inspired antenna using circular-complementary split ring resonator mushroom and metasurface for wireless applications

Abstract

A compact triple-band and dual-polarized metamaterial inspired antenna loaded with a reactive impedance surface (RIS) based metasurface is presented in this work. The dual-band circular polarization (CP) characteristics are obtained by the combination of the conventional slotted patch loaded with circular-complementary split-ring resonator based mushroom stacked with RIS. The CP radiation is generated due to the introduction of asymmetry in the antenna structure results in the splitting of fundamental mode into two orthogonally polarized modes with 90° phase difference at the resonating frequency. The antenna obtains an overall electrical size of 0.27λ0 × 0.27 λ0 × 0.027λ0 with radiating element size of 0.16λ0 × 0.16 λ0 at 1.7 GHz with ka = 0.72. The final antenna prototype is fabricated and measured which covers bandwidths of (1.66–1.72 GHz) 3.52%, (1.94–2.20 GHz) 13% and (3.68–3.87 GHz) 5.02% for the three bands. The antenna exhibits CP radiation at 2.10 GHz and 3.78 GHz with an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 2.85% and 1.85% are obtained for the two bands, respectively. Due to the loading of RIS, the antenna gain enhanced to 1.6 dBi, 4.74 dBic, and 3.28 dBic at the three respective frequencies with an overall area reduction of 52.32% is achieved. The antenna provides a wider AR beamwidth for CP radiation (ARBW < 3) with positive gain values for theta = ±58° and for all phi values at 2.1 GHz. Hence, the proposed antenna can be used for working in 1.7 GHz LTE (1.66–1.72 GHz), 2.2 GHz UMTS (1.94–2.20 GHz), 3.8 GHz WiMAX (3.68–3.87 GHz), and small satellite application systems at 2.1 GHz applications.