Dualism of technical and technological solutions as an alternative focus area of vegetable production

Abstract

The study is aimed at reducing the negative impact of open ground on plants during the growth season and during adverse extreme impacts, with the maximum reduction in response time to changes in external conditions. The developed screens do not limit the conditions of natural pollination and access to plants for irrigation, machining and harvesting, extend the vegetation period of plants, and contribute to increased yield. The proposed solutions are based on the dualism principle stating that the cultivated plant is both in open ground and under the protection of screens. The objectives of the study: to reveal the impact of design parameters of protective screens on the temperature regime in the inter-screen space; to determine the possibility of monitoring the plant moisture supply under the screens using the method of calculating the moisture stress index in real time; to assess the effectiveness of protecting the plants with screens from the effects of negative factors caused by open ground. The reason for the temperature change in the presence of insolation is the effect of interlocking of vertical convective air currents that form in the space between the screens. By changing the opening parameters of the face ends, it is possible to increase the air temperature in the plant zone or to protect them from overheating. The moisture stress index can be used to quickly monitor the water regime of plants. Protective screens contribute to the accumulation of active temperatures, extending the growing season, reducing the risks of negative impact caused by open ground factors, and increasing the productivity compared to open ground conditions.