Abstract
A beam-steerable dual-circularly polarized 60 GHz antenna array is proposed. A 1 × 4 dual-fed stacked patch antenna array is integrated with an 8 × 8 Butler matrix. By utilizing the 8 × 8 Butler matrix, the proposed antenna array generates dual-circular polarization with beam-steering capability. The proposed antenna array system demonstrates good reflection coefficients in the frequency band ranging from 55.3 GHz to 64.9 GHz and has a mutual coupling of less than −10 dB over the frequency range of 57.5 GHz–63.2 GHz. At 60 GHz, the maximum gains and beam-steering angles for input ports 2, 4, 5, and 7 are 9.39 dBi at −38°, 10.67 dBi at −11°, 10.63 dBi at +11°, and 9.38 dBi at +39°, respectively. It is also demonstrated that the dual-polarization is well formed by switching the excitation ports. The right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) is formed when four ports from port 1 to port 4 are excited and left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) is formed when four ports from port 5 to port 8 are excited. The proposed antenna array system could be a good candidate for millimeter-wave 5G applications that require wide beam coverage and polarization diversity.
Highlights
Various studies on millimeter-wave communication technologies have been performed to provide higher data rates and increased system capacities. 60 GHz-based millimeter-wave communication is attractive for a number of reasons, including a large amount of spectrum availability, miniaturization capability, superior frequency reuse, and a multi-gigabit data rate
A 1 × 4 dual-fed stacked patch antenna array is integrated with an 8 × 8 Butler matrix
8 × 8 Butler matrix, the proposed antenna array generates dual-circular polarization with a beam-steering matrix, the main beam of the antenna array can be steered in four directions and the polarization capability
Summary
Various studies on millimeter-wave communication technologies have been performed to provide higher data rates and increased system capacities. 60 GHz-based millimeter-wave communication is attractive for a number of reasons, including a large amount of spectrum availability, miniaturization capability, superior frequency reuse, and a multi-gigabit data rate. Various studies on millimeter-wave communication technologies have been performed to provide higher data rates and increased system capacities. 60 GHz-based millimeter-wave communication is attractive for a number of reasons, including a large amount of spectrum availability, miniaturization capability, superior frequency reuse, and a multi-gigabit data rate. In the millimeter-wave frequency bands, due to atmospheric absorption, the free-space path loss is more significant than that in conventional cellular bands below 6 GHz. To compensate for the high path loss over millimeter-wave frequencies, array antennas with high gain are commonly used. Since array antennas have a directional beam pattern with limited beam coverage, it should be designed to have beam-steering capability with the proper beam pattern to obtain a wide communication coverage [1], [2]. Among the various beam-steering techniques, switched beam networks have been highlighted because of the advantages of low cost, simple implementation, and low power consumption. The Butler matrix is one of the switched beam networks and is especially popular due to its simpler structure and wider bandwidth [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
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