Abstract
The acceleration of urbanization and industrialization has been gradually aggravating water security issues, such as water shortages, water pollution, and flooding or drought disasters and so on. Water security issues have become a great challenge to urban sustainable development. In this context, we proposed a dual-level material and psychological assessment method to assess urban water security. Psychological security coefficients were introduced in this method to combine material security and residents’ security feelings. A typical water-stressed coastal city in China (Dalian) was chosen as a case study. The water security status of Dalian from 2010 to 2012 was analysed dynamically. The results indicated that the Dalian water security statuses from 2010 to 2012 were basically secure, but solutions to improve water security status and solve water resource problems are still required. This dual-level material and psychological assessment for urban water security has improved conventional material assessment through the introduction of psychological security coefficients, which can benefit decision-making for urban water planning, management and protection.
Highlights
Water is a critical resource because water shortages and poor quality water threaten human lives [1].The acceleration of urbanization and industrialization have gradually been aggravating water resource problems
We can see that the assessment results of Dalian urban water security were 0.45, 0.52 and 0.48, respectively
A dual-level material and psychological assessment method was proposed for supporting the assessment of urban water security
Summary
Water is a critical resource because water shortages and poor quality water threaten human lives [1].The acceleration of urbanization and industrialization have gradually been aggravating water resource problems. Water is a critical resource because water shortages and poor quality water threaten human lives [1]. An estimated 80% of the world’s population faces a high-level water security or water-related biodiversity risk [2]. Water security is negatively affected by factors that include climatic and hydrological conditions, population growth, increased per-capita water use, pollution and the over-abstraction of groundwater. River pollution and frequent water-related hazards (e.g., floods and droughts) are resulting in, or will soon result in, negative effects at all levels of human society. In metropolitan centres, advanced management of water security problems is needed to meet human and environmental needs by providing sufficient water quantity and quality at the right time and place [3]
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