Abstract
Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by administration of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) or a direct renin inhibitor (DRI) similarly reduces blood pressure (BP) when each is used as monotherapy in patients with hypertension. Both ACE inhibitors and ARBs also slow down the progressive decline in renal function, which marks renal injury, particularly in patients with diabetic nephropathy with the renoprotective effects of these drugs, in part, relating to their capacity to reduce protein excretion. Both ACE inhibitor and ARB therapy also decrease the high cardiovascular (CV) event rate common to high-risk cardiac patients. Moreover, ACE inhibitors and ARBs are both of proven benefit in forms of heart failure (HF) characterized by a reduced ejection fraction (EF).
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