Abstract
Two-dimensional graphene (2-D graphene) has limited application potential in optoelectronics because of its low light absorptivity and gapless property. This work presents photodetectors with increased light absorption efficiency, which couple 3-D graphene with the optical cavity structure of germanium-on-insulator (GeOI). Multiple reflections are generated at the 3-D graphene/GeOI heterojunction due to the unique plasmonic nanoresonator and optical cavity structures. The photodetectors exhibit excellent responsivity (R=0.9x10⁴ mAW⁻¹) and specific detectivity (D*= 3.96x10¹⁰ cmHz <formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex>$^{1/2}$</tex> </formula> W⁻¹) under 1550-nm illumination with fast response rates, excellent reproducibility, and long-term stability. The technique paves the way for creating novel high-performance graphene-based photodetectors with hybrid architectures.
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