Dual efficient reversible data hiding using Hamming code and OPAP

Abstract

Dual image based RDH is a separate research area of the traditional RDH method, which has been continuously studied by several researchers over the past decade. In the research of dual RDH, extension of the traditional RDH algorithm or methods of improving the existing DH algorithm to dual RDH have been proposed. Hamming code (HC) is a method used as a DH method, but it is not applied to RDH. In this paper, we propose a dual RDH method using Hamming codes. Previously, Jana et al. proposed HC(7,4)-based dual RDH, but in terms of performance, it showed a weakness that did not reach the performance of the previously proposed RDH. In this paper, we propose a dual RDH scheme using Hamming code and OPAP. As previously suggested by Jana et al. The performance of dual RDH of HC(7,4) has been greatly improved. In this paper, HC(3,1) is used to significantly improve data hiding capacity and image quality, i.e., since this method conceals 2-bit secret data in 3 pixels using the OPAP method and the Hamming code, the embedding rate is 1.0 bpp and the average of the two marked images is measured as 51 dB. With the efficiency of the proposed coding method, it is possible to maintain high image quality. As a result of the experiment, our proposed data hiding capacity greatly outperformed the method proposed by Jana et al., and compared to the existing methods, it was almost similar in capacity and showed good performance in terms of image quality.