Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)–induced angiogenesis has been involved in numerous pathological conditions, and it may be harmful or beneficial depending on the types of diseases. Exploration on angiogenesis has sparked hopes in providing novel therapeutic approaches on multiple diseases with high mortality rates, such as cancer and ischemic stroke. The HIF-1 pathway is considered to be a major regulator of angiogenesis. HIF-1 seems to be involved in the vascular formation process by synergistic correlations with other proangiogenic factors in cancer and cerebrovascular disease. The regulation of HIF-1–dependent angiogenesis is related to the modulation of HIF-1 bioactivity by regulating HIF-1α transcription or protein translation, HIF-1α DNA binding, HIF-1α and HIF-1α dimerization, and HIF-1 degradation. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have a long history of clinical use in both cancer and stroke treatments in Asia. Growing evidence has demonstrated potential proangiogenic benefits of Chinese herbal medicines in ischemic stroke, whereas tumor angiogenesis could be inhibited by the active components in Chinese herbal medicines. The objective of this review is to provide comprehensive insight on the effects of Chinese herbal medicines on angiogenesis by regulating HIF-1 pathways in both cancer and ischemic stroke.
Highlights
Angiogenesis is the formation and remodeling of new blood vessels and capillaries from the existing vasculature through interaction among cellular matrix, cytokines, and proteases
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)–induced angiogenesis has been involved in numerous pathological conditions, and it may be harmful or beneficial depending on the types of specific disease
The induction of angiogenesis for therapeutic purposes in ischemic stroke can be directly stimulated by various angiogenic factors, such as placental growth factor (PlGF), VEGF, PDGF, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), some of which have been applied in preclinical and clinical studies
Summary
Angiogenesis is the formation and remodeling of new blood vessels and capillaries from the existing vasculature through interaction among cellular matrix, cytokines, and proteases. It plays a pivotal role in diffusion exchange of metabolites and nutrients in all the tissues and organs of the human body (Shi, 2009; Kusumbe et al, 2014), occurring throughout our lives in both diseased and healthy states. Hypoxia occurs when there is reduced oxygen supply and/or increased oxygen demand It is the principal physiological stimulus for inducing angiogenesis, which provides a stimulus-response pathway that tries to maintain adequate oxygenation in pathological status, such as tumor growth and ischemic stroke (Mengozzi et al, 2012; Brown, 2016). The current clinical application based on the principle of angiogenesis
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