Dual effect of chitosan activated platelet rich plasma (cPRP) improved erectile function after cavernous nerve injury

Abstract

The intracavernosal (IC) injection of chitosan activated platelet rich plasma (cPRP) has shown to improve the erectile dysfunction in cavernous nerve injury rat model. However, the action target of PRP in improving neurogenic erectile dysfunction remains unclear. We aimed to determine the effect of cPRP action at early stage that further mediates its effect on erectile function (EF) recovery in the bilateral cavernous nerve crushing (BCNC) injury rat model. Fifty-four rats were randomly divided into two equal groups: intracavernosal ( IC) injection of saline after BCNC (group 1) and IC injection of cPRP after BCNC (group 2). Five animals in each group were euthanized at 3, 7 and 14 day (d) post-injection, and the tissues were harvested to conduct transmission electron microscopy and histological assays. Six animals in each group were used to determine the recovery of EF at 14 and 28d post-injury. IC injections of cPRP increased all EF parameters at 28d and 14d post-injury (p<0.05). cPRP injections simultaneously prevented the loss of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons (p<0.05) and nerve fibers (p<0.05) in the major pelvic ganglion and cavernous nerve (CN), respectively, compared with saline injections. This simultaneous accelerated the regeneration of myelinated axons of the CN, reduced apoptosis, and enhanced the proliferation of the corporal smooth muscle cells at an earlier stage. These results suggest that the application of cPRP was beneficial to restore EF via neuroprotective and tissue-protective effects at early stage.