Abstract
Many reports have documented the role of INS (insulin) as growth factors in a variety of cancers. Epidemiological studies revealed that INS therapy causes increased mortality in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with pre-existing or steroid-induced type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited experimental evidence of this association. In the present study, the dual effect of INS on the viability of myeloma RPMI8226 and lymphoblastoid IM9 cells was revealed. In serum-containing medium exogenous INS serves as a growth factor, whereas INS decreases the number of cells under serum-free medium. In the last case, the main mechanism of decreasing the cell population is apoptosis through up-regulation of Cas-3 and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression. INS has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of necrotic cell death.
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