Abstract
Purpose: Microbial biofilms are one of the main causes of persistent human infections. Encapsulation of an antibiotic and a biofilm dispersal agent within a nano-carrier has been recognized as a novel approach to combat the problem of biofilm-related infections. Here, we develop the nanoliposomal formulation for delivery of vancomycin in combination with cis-2- decenoic acid (C2DA), to Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm. The effects of the formulations were studied at two stages: biofilm growth inhabitation and biofilm eradication. Methods: Liposomal formulations were prepared by the solvent evaporation dehydration-rehydration method and were evaluated for size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficacy. The ability of different agents in free and encapsulated forms were assessed to evaluate the anti-biofilm activities. Results: Vancomycin and C2DA were successfully co-encapsulated in the same nanoliposome (liposomal combination). The zeta potential values of the liposomal formulations of vancomycin, C2DA, and the liposomal combination were 37.2, 40.2, 51.5 mV, and the mean sizes of these liposomal formulations were 167.8±1.5, 215.5±8.8, 235.5±0.01, respectively. Encapsulation efficacy of C2DA was 65% and about 40% for vancomycin. The results indicated that liposomal combination exerted strong anti-biofilm activities, slightly exceeding those observed by the free form of a combination of vancomycin and C2DA, but higher than either agent used alone in their free forms. The anti-biofilm activity of formulations followed concentration and time-dependent manner. Conclusion: The combination of vancomycin and C2DA could inhibit biofilm formation. Employing the liposomal combination is a considerable method to remove bacterial biofilm.
Highlights
Aability of different agents in free and encapsulated forms were assessed to evaluate the antibiofilm activities
The results indicated that liposomal combination exerted strong anti-biofilm activities, slightly exceeding those observed by the free form of a combination of vancomycin and cis-2-decenoic acid (C2DA), but higher than either agent used alone in their free forms
T Keywords: Liposome; Biofilm; Biofilm dispersion; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Vancomycin; Cis 2-decenoic acid ip Background r Prosthetic devices have been extensively used in clinical applications
Summary
Aability of different agents in free and encapsulated forms were assessed to evaluate the antibiofilm activities. T Keywords: Liposome; Biofilm; Biofilm dispersion; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Vancomycin; Cis 2-decenoic acid ip Background r Prosthetic devices have been extensively used in clinical applications. The usage of these devices is restricted in some cases due to the high risk of bacterial infections accompanied by c them. 4,5 n To date, various approaches have been reported for treating bacterial biofilm infections a involving combination therapy, application of dispersing agents or employing nanoparticulate systems. M messenger produced by bacteria, could cause dispersion in already formed biofilms of multiple types of bacteria and known as a biofilm dispersal agent This fatty acid has growth inhibitory or bactericidal effects, which make it as adjunctive therapy for infection prevention. C2DA could improve the efficacy of antibiotics, which are not effective enough d against biofilm-associated bacteria, in treating biofilm-associated infections. 11-13 This molecule could induce the production of EPS destroying enzymes by the microorganisms and te plays an important role in exogenous induction of transition of biofilm bacteria to a planktonic state and disrupts pre-established biofilms. 14,15 The combination of C2DA with traditional antibiotics could provide a promising mechanism for enhancing the activity of these p treatments through the disruption of existing biofilms. 16,17
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
