DÉTENTE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA

Abstract

DR HILGARD MULLER succeeded Mr Eric Louw in 1963 as the Foreign Minister of the Republic of South Africa. In 1967 Dr Muller said in the South African Senate that 'we occupy a unique position in Africa which distinguishes us from other African states. Although we are in Africa and of Africa, we also have roots in Europe .... Furthermore, we occupy a unique position in Africa, because in many fields we are the highest developed country in Africa, and we are ahead of most of the other African states in practically every field....' We have at our disposal valuable knowledge and valuable experience and also many resources, which we are prepared to share with others. But this special position also carries great obligations and responsibilities towards the developing states of Africa.'2 Mr Louw himself might have used these words. On 23 October 1974 the Prime Minister of the Republic, Mr B. J. Vorster, delivered a memorable speech also in the South African Senate.3 With this speech Mr Vorster launched an unprecedented diplomatic campaign in Africa. The speech in the Senate was followed by the equally dynamic speech of Mr R. F. (Pik) Botha,4 South African Ambassador to the United Nations, and Dr Kenneth Kaunda,5 president of Zambia. The eyes of the world were once again focused on Southern Africa, this time in anticipation. The reaction was naturally divergent in nature. Those who wanted stability, peace and prosperity in Africa reacted optimistically. Those who bargained for unrest, bloodshed and confusion in order to promote their own interests, reacted in a critical and even hostile manner.