Détection précoce du cancer de la prostate chez des apparentés de premier degré au Sénégal

Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and the profile of familial forms of prostate cancer among Senegalese men. Patients and methodsWe performed a prospective study between January of 2008 and December of 2010. It concerned Senegalese families that harbored a case of prostate cancer. The study consisted of screening for prostate cancer among first-degree relatives aged 40 years or more. ResultsOf the 237 relatives eligible for screening, 119 participated in the study. They were 79 brothers (66.3%) and 40 sons (33.6%). The mean age of the sons was 48.1±6.4 years (40-65 years) and that of the brothers was 63.2±12.7years (40-93 years). The presentation of the prostate by rectal examination was normal for 78.9% of the cases. The median prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) level was 1.2ng/ml (0.1 to 45.8ng/ml). Five relatives (all aged more than 60 years) who had an anomalous rectal prostate examination, or whose PSA level was above 2.5ng/ml, underwent a prostate biopsy. These biopsies revealed one case of adenocarcinoma, two cases of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and two cases of adenofibroma. ConclusionIn this study, being black and having a familial risk factor does not appear to increase the incidence of prostate cancer. Further studies are necessary to determine the incidence of familial forms of prostate cancer in Senegal.