Abstract
HighlightsBased on the drying-mediated self-assembly behavior of passivated graphene, a new kind of 2D micro-flake inks is developed to directly print high-resolution patterns with multiscale porous microstructure.The new ink allows to directly print complex 3D structures comprising multiple layers of heterogeneous materials.High-rate all-solid-state 3D micro-supercapacitors have been fully inkjet-printed with an areal capacitance surpassing 10 mF cm−2 at a high scan rate of 1 V s−1.
Highlights
Over the past decade, planar micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) have attracted tremendous research interest as compact energy storage components that can be directly integrated with silicon-based electronics on chip to enable miniaturized self-powered systems [1,2,3,4]
Inkjet printing is promising for on-chip integration due to its unique combination of many merits such as direct patterning, non-contact processing, high resolution, excellent scalability, and versatile compatibility with various substrates and active materials
By virtue of the unique self-assembly behav‐ ior of 2D materials, we develop a new kind of micro-flake inks of pseudocapacitive nanoparticle-passivated graphene to directly print sub-mm patterns with multiscale porous microstructure and large thickness of over 10 microns
Summary
Planar micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) have attracted tremendous research interest as compact energy storage components that can be directly integrated with silicon-based electronics on chip to enable miniaturized self-powered systems [1,2,3,4]. An areal capacitance surpassing 10 mF cm−2 has been achieved at a high scan rate of 1 V s−1 for the “allsolid-state” 3D MSCs. The 3D coarse-grained lattice gas model [16] developed by Rabani et al is adapted to study the self-assembly behav‐ ior of graphene (or in general 2D materials) micro-flakes. The solvent cell fluctuates between liquid (li = 1) and gas (li = 0) states (to mimic the solvent evaporation or condensation), while the micro-flakes move in randomly chosen directions. A micro-flake can only move into the region which is fully filled with liquid, and after the micro-flake moves, the left void cells are replenished by liquid This constraint mimics the very low mobility of micro-flakes at a dry surface. The initial volume con‐ centration of the micro-flakes is 25%, i.e., 25% of the cells (excluding the substrate cells) are occupied by micro-flakes
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