Dry Matter Yield of Sunflower as Affected by EDTA and EDDS Application in Soil Remediation from Ibadan, Metropolis, Nigeria

Abstract

Phytoremediation has been found to be cost effective in removing heavy metals (HM) from polluted soils. Enhanced phytoextraction with the use of chelating agents for solubility of metal in soils and their uptake in the aerial parts of plants had also been employed. Phytoextraction efficiency of plants will depend on the metal accumulated in the dry matter yield of plant. An attempt was made to study the influence of Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and ethylene diamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) on the growth and dry matter yield content of sunflower planted in heavy metal polluted soils in a greenhouse pot experiment. Total heavy metal contents of five metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn) were determined by acid digestion with aqua regia solution. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the phytoextraction potential of sunflower with EDDS and EDTA applied at seven weeks after planting. Treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Data were collected on metal accumulation in root and shoot, Total metal uptake, shoot and root dry matter yield and analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. Original Research Article Thomas and Omueti; IJPSS, 7(1): 67-79, 2015; Article no.IJPSS.2015.132 68 The result shows a significant increase in the overall accumulation of metals in the root and shoot of sunflower and dry matter yield with EDDS except for Zn. However, Zinc only recorded significant increase in shoot uptake at 3 mmol/kg EDDS. The application of EDDS at 3 and 9 mmol/kg did better in total uptake of Cu, Pb and Cd. Ethylene diamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) was more efficient than EDTA in mobilizing metal uptake in sunflower root and shoot and also in increasing total dry matter yield. Translocation factor of Cd, Pb and Cu were enhanced by the addition of EDDS than EDTA application.