Abstract
Due to the importance of soybeans worldwide, there is a constant search for products or management systems that aim to increase the productivity of this crop. In this sense, some products that have amino acids in their composition have been used, however, there is still a lack of studies that aim to show the isolated effect of amino acids on growth parameters. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of amino acids in the treatment of seeds and of the leaf in the soybean crop. Experiments were carried out in a greenhouse and in the field with the application of glutamate, phenylalanine, cysteine, glycine as a seed treatment (ST) and also as foliar application (FA) at the V4 growth stage. The dry mass accumulation of root, stem, leaves, total and yield of a soybean crop were evaluated. In addition, leaf element concentration in leaves was also evaluated. The use of phenylalanine in ST promoted the best results on stem mass, leaves, pods and total dry mass, with an increase of up to 152%, as compared to control. This same treatment led to higher productivity, with a 46% increase in relation to the control. In relation to foliar concentration of elements, the most effective application is the one that is carried out in both modes of application (ST and FA), mainly with glutamate and glycine. Therefore, the application of amino acids, especially in seed treatment promotes the greater accumulation of dry mass and productivity in soybean plants.
Highlights
Amino acids are organic molecules formed by carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and all of them have a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amine group (NH2) attached to a carbon atom which has attached another hydrogen atom and a (R) radical
The application of cysteine in seed treatment (ST) and glycine applied in both modes ST and foliar application (FA) presented higher root dry mass of plants at the V6 stage (Figure 1A)
Amino acid application had no effect on leaf dry mass and total dry mass (Figures 1C and 1D)
Summary
Amino acids are organic molecules formed by carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and all of them have a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amine group (NH2) attached to a carbon atom which has attached another hydrogen atom and a (R) radical. A number of amino acid transporters have been discovered in plants, among them LHT1 (Lysine Histidine Transporter 1), AAP1 and AAP5 (Amino Acid Permease 1 and 5). These are present mainly in the roots, but according to Weiland et al (2015), they can be found in leaves. This information shows that plants can absorb soil amino acids, as already confirmed by Hirner et al (2006) and Lee et al (2007), and indicate that the absorption could possibly happen by the leaf
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