Dry jet-wet spinning of strong cellulose filaments from ionic liquid solution

Abstract

Considerable growth is expected in the production of man-made cellulose textile fibers, which are commercially produced either via derivatization to form cellulose xanthate (viscose) or via direct dissolution in N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (Lyocell). In the study at hand, cellulosic fibers are spun from a solution in the ionic liquid [DBNH] [OAc] into water, resulting in properties equal or better than Lyocell (tensile strength 37 cN tex−1 or 550 MPa). Spinning stability is explored, and the effects of extrusion velocity, draw ratio, spinneret aspect ratio and bath temperature on mechanical properties and orientation are discussed. With the given set-up, tenacities and moduli are improved with higher draw ratios, while elongation at break, the ratio of wet to dry strength, modulus of resilience and birefringence depend little on draw ratio or extrusion velocity, elastic limit not at all. We find the process robust and simple, with stretching to a draw ratio of 5 effecting most improvement, explained by the orientation of amorphous domains along the fiber axis.