Abstract
Granular materials do not always flow homogeneously like fluids when submitted to external stress, but often form rigid regions that are separated by narrow shear bands where the material yields and flows. This shear localization impacts their apparent rheology, which makes it difficult to infer a constitutive behavior from conventional rheometric measurements. Moreover, they present a dilatant behavior, which makes their study in classical fixed-volume geometries difficult. These features led numerous groups to perform extensive studies with inclined plane flows, which were of crucial importance for the development and the validation of the μ(I )-rheology. Our aim is to develop a method to characterize granular materials with rheometrical tools. Using rheometry measurements in an annular shear cell, dense granular flows of 0.5mm spherical and monodisperse beads are studied. A focus is placed on the comparison between the present results and the μ(I )-rheology.
Highlights
Granular matter shows both solid and fluid behavior [1]
Granular materials do not always flow homogeneously like fluids when submitted to external stress, but often form rigid regions that are separated by narrow shear bands where the material yields and flows
We show that a simple annular shear cell can be adapted to a standard rheometer to study the rheology of granular materials under controlled confining pressure
Summary
Granular matter shows both solid and fluid behavior [1] These materials are very sensitive to various parameters: geometry of the flow, wall roughness, flow rate, shape and size distribution of the grains, and coupling with the interstitial fluid [2]. (i) At low shear, particles stay in contact and interact frictionally with their neighbours over long periods of time. This “quasistatic” regime of granular flow has been classically studied using modified plasticity models based on a Coulomb friction criterion [3]. (ii) Upon increasing the deformation rate, a viscouslike [4] regime occurs and the material flows more as a liquid In this intermediate regime, the particles experience multicontact interactions.
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