Dry eyes in patients with pseudoexfoliation –A descriptive study

Hannah Ranjee Prasanth,Elfride Farokh Sanjana,A Sivaraja Gowthaman

doi:10.18231/j.pjms.2020.024

Hannah Ranjee Prasanth, Elfride Farokh Sanjana + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2020.024

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Abstract

Introduction: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is seen commonly above 60 years of age. It can lead to various complications such as poor dilatation of pupil, increased IOP and intraoperative complications such as zonular dehiscence or capsular rupture, vitreous loss and subluxation of intraocular lens. Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma is one of the common types of secondary open angle glaucoma. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome can also cause ocular surface disorders due to tear film instability. Hence this study was done to assess the prevalence of dry eyes in patients with pseudoexfoliation. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study which involved 150 eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Tear secretion assessment was done using Schirmer’s test I. Then the tear film stability was evaluated using Tear break-up time(TBUT). Ocular surface damage was assessed using Fluorescein staining and Lissamine green staining. Result: Schirmer’s test I, 144 eyes out of 150 eyes had Schirmer’s test value more than 15 mm (96%) . 4 eyes (2.6%) had value between 10-15 mm .2 eyes (1.4%) had value between 5-10 mm.Six eyes with dry eye syndrome were identified by Schirmer’s test I. Tear breakup time was decreased in 3 eyes (between 7-9 seconds). Three eyes with dry eye syndrome were identified by TBUT test. Fluorescein staining was positive in one eye. Lissamine staining was positive in 2 eyes with score of 2 and 3. In this study of pseudoexfoliation patients, there were 9 eyes(6%) with dry eye syndrome. Conclusion: Early recognition of dry eye syndrome in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome can reduce ocular morbidity and prevent a significant compromise in their quality of life. Keywords: Pseudoexfoliation, Dry eye syndrome.

Highlights

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is seen commonly above 60 years of age
In this study 150 eyes with pseudoexfoliation were recruited from Ophthalmology Out Patient Department and were assessed for the prevalence of dry eye syndrome
Four dry eye syndrome tests were performed in all 150 eyes with pseudoexfoliation to assess ocular surface changes

Summary

Introduction

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is seen commonly above 60 years of age. It can lead to various complications such as poor dilatation of pupil, increased IOP and intraoperative complications such as zonular dehiscence or capsular rupture, vitreous loss and subluxation of intraocular lens. 2 Apart from eyes, pseudoexfoliative material is seen in other organs such as heart, lung, kidney, brain and vessels using electron microscopy or specific histochemical markers.[3] Ocular manifestations such as dry eye syndrome, open angle glaucoma, central retinal vein occlusion and cataract are well known in pseudoexfoliation. It affects the dilatation of pupil, causes increased IOP and intraoperative complications such as zonular or capsular rupture, vitreous loss and subluxation of intraocular lens. Dry eye syndrome affects about 6.9-10.6% of the adult population

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