Drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment volume is associated with a decrease in best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness: the Norwegian Pigment Epithelial Detachment Study (NORPED) report no. 1.

Abstract

To investigate the association of drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment (DPED) volume and change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) during the growth phase of large DPEDs. Patients from an ongoing prospective observational study, the Norwegian Pigment Epithelial Detachment Study (NORPED), with 1year of follow-up and DPEDs ≥1000µm in diameter, examined with the Heidelberg Spectralis HRA-OCT were included. Patients with DPEDs in the regression phase were excluded. Multicolour, near-infrared reflectance, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography images were obtained every 6months. Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography were performed at baseline and yearly to exclude choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Forty-four patients and 66 eyes were included. In the statistical model for BCVA, every 1.0mm3 increase in DPED volume led to a decrease in BCVA of 4.0 ETDRS letters (95% CI, -7.0 to -1.0, p=0.008). A decrease in BCVA was significantly associated with older patient age, the presence of acquired vitelliform lesions and subfoveal location of the DPEDs. In the model for CRT, every 1.0mm3 increase in DPED volume led to a decrease in CRT of 26.7µm (95% CI, -44.4 to -9.0, p=0.003). Two eyes had progression of geographic atrophy and none developed CNV. The increasing volume of DPEDs during the growth phase is associated with a decrease in BCVA and CRT. The subfoveal location of DPEDs and the presence of acquired vitelliform lesions appear to be associated with a further reduction in BCVA.