Abstract
Driving under the influence of alcohol is an important factor in road fatalities all over the world. However, an important significant heterogeneity among countries was found regarding this issue. Why is such a discrepancy found among countries? Several specificities might explain the differences, such as enforcement practices, cultural values, or drinking patterns. The aim of this study was to test whether the social influence (descriptive and injunctive norms) on drunk driving is country-dependent and to explore whether the differences can be attributed to the contextual and/or cultural specificities of the countries. We used data from the SAFE ROADS 4 YOUTH (SR4Y) project, with the objective to implement and evaluate drink driving prevention actions using a common conceptual framework in three developing countries over three continents: Vietnam, South Africa and Argentina. 11300 students aged between 13 and 25 were surveyed. We conducted a regression analysis of social norms on the intention to resist to drunk driving in each country. In all three countries, family injunctive norms were correlated with drunk-driving (DD) intention. The link was strongest in Argentina and weakest in South Africa. In South Africa, friends' injunctive norms had negligible link with DD intention, no link was found with friends' descriptive norms. The link between injunctive norms and DD intention was stronger in Vietnam than in Argentina. Friends' descriptive norms had stronger link with DD in Argentina than in Vietnam. Overall these results suggest differences in social influence on drunk driving intention depending on national cultures.
Highlights
IntroductionDrink-driving is an important factor in road fatalities. some differences between countries were found regarding this issue
All over the world, drink-driving is an important factor in road fatalities
Friends’ descriptive norms had stronger link with DD in Argentina than in Vietnam. Overall these results suggest differences in social influence on drunk driving intention depending on national cultures
Summary
Drink-driving is an important factor in road fatalities. some differences between countries were found regarding this issue. The Driving Under the Influence of Drugs (DRUID) project conducted in 13 European countries (Houwing et al, 2011) found that an average of 3.48% of all European drivers on the road have alcohol in their blood (varying from 0.15% of drivers in Hungary to 8.59% in Italy). These frequencies of drink-driving have a great impact on alcohol-related road fatalities, but why some countries have more drunk drivers than do others?
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