Abstract
Publisher Summary The retrograde amnesia (RA) phenomenon occurs in both animals and man and overwhelming evidence exists showing that a single electroconvulsive shock (ECS) treatment given after acquisition produces RA. Because ECS constitutes such a reliable RA treatment, drugs can be studied for their ability to duplicate the effects of this treatment or to antagonize or facilitate its effects. This chapter discusses three types of drugs effects on RA: (a) induction of RA by drugs, (b) drug-induced blockade of the known amnestic action of ECS, and (c) drug-induced facilitation of the amnestic action ECS or of other treatments under conditions in which RA does not ordinarily occur. The most prominent symptom produced by ECS is convulsion. The chapter also discusses various types of convulsant drugs, such as pentylenetetrazol and strychnine. Studies show that pentylenetetrazol produce a profound RA effect in rats and exerts a virtually “complete” RA effect when administered 8 hours after acquisition and substantial RA when administered as long as 4 days after acquisition. The concept of general anesthesia in humans is discussed in the chapter.
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