Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the susceptibility of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to curcumin, as well as its synergistic effect with 12 antimicrobial drugs. Methods and Results: Our study shows that curcumin did not affect bacterial growth. The antimicrobial susceptibility of curcumin and antibiotic synergy were identified using disc diffusion on Mueller-Hinton agar. The strain of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli used was resistant to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Ciprofloxacin, and Cefazolin. There was synergy between curcumin and the majority of antibiotics tested. Maximum synergy was observed with combinations of 330 µg/mL curcumin and Ceftazidime, followed by Cefotaxime, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ampicillin, Aztreonam, Trimethoprim, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Cefazolin, Tetracycline, and Imipenem. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that curcumin might be useful as a combinatorial strategy to combat the antibiotic resistance of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Highlights
Acute diarrheal disease (ADD) is an important health problem globally, in the youngest children in resource-limited countries [1]
Previous reports described that CUR has high antibacterial activity against a commensal E. coli, strain ATCC 25922, in relation to other bacteria, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for CUR of 163 μg/mL [19]
CUR, even up to 330 μg/mL, was not active against the strain of Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) used. This result is consistent with other reports which showed that the ethanol extract of the rhizome of Curcuma longa, as well as three curcuminoids isolated from the same plant, do not possess antibacterial activity against E. coli
Summary
Acute diarrheal disease (ADD) is an important health problem globally, in the youngest children in resource-limited (developing) countries [1]. The etiological agents most frequently involved vary according to the socioeconomic status and health conditions of the region. In Mexico, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains have been reported as the most prevalent etiologic agents for this disease [2,3]. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is one of the main causes of illness and mortality in children under five years of age, is the leading cause of traveler’s diarrhea, and is endemic in essentially all developing countries [4,5]. The vast majority of cases with severe or persistent diarrhea are treated empirically without bacteriological investigation [6].
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