Abstract
Urinary tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of urinary tract infections. Drug resistant Escherichia coli is results in high levels of treatment failure and can be a significant threat to survival of patients. Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated using culture and conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and plasmid profile were performed using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and plasmid analysis. Data was processed with SPSS version 16.0 and Epi-info version 3.4.1 software. The highest proportion of Escherichia coli isolates was resistant to (86.5%) to ampicillin, followed by ceftazidime (84%), ceftriaxone (80.5%), tetracycline (80%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (68.5%) and cefotaxime (66%). Escherichia coli isolates were most susceptible to meropenem (100%), imipenem (100%), amikacin (97.5%), nitrofurantoin (95%), ciprofloxacin (85.5%), norfloxacin (85%), chloramphenicol (83.5%), gentamycin (80%) and nalidixic acid (79%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in most (96.5%) E. coli isolates. Plasmid analysis revealed the presence of plasmid(s) in 165 (82.5%) of the E. coli isolates many of which had a plasmid size of 23 kb. The overall incidence of antibiotic resistance (including MDR) among E. coli in this study was high to commonly used antibiotics, but no drug resistance to meropenem and imipenem was observed. Periodic monitoring of the drug resistance pattern is essential for better management of urinary tract infections, which has direct impact on the outcome of the patient.
Highlights
Urinary tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide
Serotypes of Escherichia coli consistently associated with Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are designated as uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) [8]
Most of the patients came from the Outpatient Department (OPD) but others were inpatients on the wards (13.5%); there was no difference in the E. coli isolation rate between these two groups (χ2 0.067 p = 0.796)
Summary
Urinary tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of urinary tract infections. Drug resistant Escherichia coli is results in high levels of treatment failure and can be a significant threat to survival of patients. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common human infections and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [1,2]. In Africa, urinary tract infections are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality [5,6,7]. Drug resistance in urinary tract infection, is a major concern in Africa including in Ethiopia [5,6,7]. Serotypes of Escherichia coli consistently associated with UTI are designated as uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) [8]
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