Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are the world major public health issues. Although some primary studies have been reported on the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that attempt to summarize the available literature. Thus, we aimed to estimates the prevalence of drug-resistance in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients and summarize the risk factors associated with the occurrence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia. We conducted a systematic review of the published primary studies on extrapulmonary drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Eight observational studies were included in this review from different regions of Ethiopia. The overall pooled prevalence of rifampicin resistance was 6% (95% CI 0.03-0.10), while isoniazid resistance was 7% (95% CI 0.03-0.12). The pooled prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was 4% (95% CI 0.01-0.07). Previous tuberculosis treatment history and male gender are frequently reported risk factors for developing drug-resistant tuberculosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients. The current review has identified a high proportion of resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Clinicians should request drug susceptibility testing for all patients with presumptive extrapulmonary tuberculosis to detect drug-resistance.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent [1]
We aimed to estimates the prevalence of drug-resistance in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients and summarize the risk factors associated with the occurrence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia
The overall pooled prevalence of rifampicin resistance was 6%, while isoniazid resistance was 7%
Summary
Drug-resistant tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are the world major public health issues. Some primary studies have been reported on the burden of drugresistant tuberculosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that attempt to summarize the available literature.
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