Abstract
The mimesis of biological systems has been demonstrated to be an adequate approach to obtain tissue engineering scaffolds able to promote cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation abilities similar to those of autologous tissues. Bioceramics are commonly used for this purpose due to their similarities to the mineral component of hard tissues as bone. Furthermore, biomimetic scaffolds are frequently loaded with diverse therapeutic molecules to enhance their biological performance, leading to final products with advanced functionalities. In this review, we aim to describe the already developed bioceramic-based biomimetic systems for drug loading and local controlled release. We will discuss the mechanisms used for the inclusion of therapeutic molecules on the designed systems, paying special attention to the identification of critical parameters that modulate drug loading and release kinetics on these scaffolds.
Highlights
The aging of the population has led to the need for a new set of engineered biofunctional systems, designed to restore the functionality of diseased tissues, but to improve patient’s quality of life
Bioactive glasses are a family of ceramics widely used in bone regeneration, due to their ability to promote hydroxyapatite formation and their osteoconductive character
Other ceramic-based nanosystems are hollow structured mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (HMNCs), and their structure mimics the morphology of red blood cells and aims at taking advantage of the surface area and pore volume of carbon for drug loading
Summary
The aging of the population has led to the need for a new set of engineered biofunctional systems, designed to restore the functionality of diseased tissues, but to improve patient’s quality of life Those advanced systems usually present complex design and chemical compositions aiming to regenerate damaged structures by, in most cases, combining biomaterials, cells, and therapeutic molecules. In this context, the tissue engineering field is focused on the development of biological substitutes able to restore, maintain, or improve tissue function or a whole organ [1]. The design of these scaffolds is commonly based on the mimesis of either the native tissue structure and/or composition of the material to be replaced [12]
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