Drug induced exfoliative dermatitis: state of the art.

Mona-Rita Yacoub,Maria Grazia Sabbadini,Andrea Nico,Eustachio Nettis,Alvise Berti,Giuseppe Alvise Ramirez,Enrico Tombetti,Corrado Campochiaro,Giselda Colombo,Paola Fantini,Elisabetta Di Leo

doi:10.1186/s12948-016-0045-0

Abstract

Drug induced exfoliative dermatitis (ED) are a group of rare and severe drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) involving skin and usually occurring from days to several weeks after drug exposure. Erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are the main clinical presentations of drug induced ED. Overall, T cells are the central player of these immune-mediated drug reactions. Here we provide a systematic review on frequency, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features and management of patients with drug induced ED.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12948-016-0045-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Cutaneous drug eruptions are one of the most common types of adverse reaction to medications, with an overall incidence of 2–3 % in hospitalized patients [1]
Important data on exfoliative dermatitis (ED) have been obtained by RegiSCAR (European Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Drugs: www.regiscar.org), an ongoing pharmacoepidemiologic study conducted in patients with Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Management and therapy The therapeutic approach of Erythema multiforme major (EMM), SJS, TEN depends on extension of skin, mucosal involvement and systemic patient’s conditions

Summary

Introduction

Cutaneous drug eruptions are one of the most common types of adverse reaction to medications, with an overall incidence of 2–3 % in hospitalized patients [1]. Erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are the main clinical presentations of drug induced ED.

Results

Conclusion