Abstract
Microneedles, fabricated by nano-moulding technology show great promise in the field of drug delivery by enabling the painless self-administration of drugs in a patient-friendly manner. In this study, double-stranded salmon DNA (SDNA) was used as both a drug-delivery vehicle and structural material with a microneedle system. SDNA is non-toxic and demonstrates good mechanical robustness, mouldability, biocompatibility, bio-absorbability, and binding affinity with drug molecules for bio-functional applications. Benign fabrication conditions to protect temperature-sensitive biomolecules are used to produce SDNA structures of various sizes with a high aspect ratio (4: 1). Unlike existing dissolving microneedle structure materials, the special binding characteristics of doxorubicin hydrochloride, anti-cancer drug molecules, and SDNA demonstrate the stability of drug-molecule encapsulation via UV-absorption and photoluminescence analyses. Based on COMSOL simulation and in vitro analysis of the stratum corneum of porcine skin, the mechanical functionality of SDNA microneedles was evaluated in vitro by penetrating the stratum corneum of porcine skin. The SDNA microneedle dissolved and drug permeation was assessed using rhodamine, a drug surrogate. Owing to its many beneficial characteristics, we anticipate that the SDNA microneedle platform will serve as an effective alternative for drug delivery.
Highlights
Microneedles have come to the forefront owing to their great impact in the field of drug delivery
The critical buckling load for the salmon DNA (SDNA) microneedle was approximately 0.035 N, which is much larger than the force at which the needle can be inserted in the skin without buckling[50]. These results demonstrated that the SDNA microneedle has sufficient mechanical strength for practical applications
Our results indicated that SDNA functions as both a drug-delivery vehicle and structural material for effective dissolving microneedles
Summary
Microneedles have come to the forefront owing to their great impact in the field of drug delivery. The tip and backing layer of dissolving microneedles dissolve, without leaving biohazardous substances during insertion, and the fabrication process is simple Owing to these advantages, we focused on the development of a dissolving microneedle for drug delivery in this study. Issues remain in the implementation of dissolvable microneedles, including a lack of suitable materials to maintain their shape and limited stability under severe conditions, which restricts the kinds of drugs that can be delivered and the material costs. Overcoming these limits of transdermal delivery will enable microneedles to be utilized as a novel therapeutic mechanism[6, 7]. Appropriate fabrication methods are needed to minimize damage at high temperatures
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