Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of drought stress in the reproductive stage (R3) on the physiological parameters and grain yield of two soybean (Glycine max) lines. The Vx-08-10819 and Vx-08-11614 soybean lines were grown in a greenhouse, where they were irrigated until they reached the R3 development stage. During three days, the weight of the pots was monitored daily in order to maintain 100, 60, and 40% field capacity (control and moderate and severe stress, respectively). The parameters gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence, as well as chloroplast pigments, osmoregulatory solutes and antioxidant enzymes, were determined. After stress, the plants were rehydrated until the end of the reproductive stage (R8), to evaluate grain yield. Vx-08-10819 showed traits that contributed to drought tolerance, such as better water-use efficiency, modulation of leaf area, and enzymatic activity, as well as a more efficient photosynthetic apparatus and a lower lipid peroxidation rate than Vx-08-11614. In addition, Vx-08-10819 maintained its productivity even after the severe water deficit. By contrast, water limitations affected negatively the productivity of Vx-08-11614. The Vx-08-10819 soybean line can efficiently withstand drought periods during the reproductive stage, without any interferences on final grain yield.
Highlights
Current efforts in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding largely focus on identifying genotypes with a high seed yield and drought tolerance (Nakagawa et al, 2018; Fried et al, 2019)
The reduction in CO2 availability and the low biochemical activity induced by water deficit may lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whose homeostasis is controlled by non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms (Pandey et al, 2016; Choudhury et al, 2017)
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of drought stress in the reproductive stage (R3) on the physiological parameters and grain yield of two soybean lines
Summary
Current efforts in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding largely focus on identifying genotypes with a high seed yield and drought tolerance (Nakagawa et al, 2018; Fried et al, 2019). Water availability is important throughout soybean development, and the need for water increases as the plant grows, reaching maximum demand at the reproductive stage (R1–R2, bloom; R3– R4, pod; and R5–R6, seed), which is the most drought sensitive (Nakagawa et al, 2018). Under water deficit, plants may accumulate osmoregulatory molecules, such as proline and amino acids, which decrease cell osmotic potential, preserving water absorption and cell turgor pressure (Fang & Xiong, 2015). This mechanism allows drought-tolerant plants to maintain a higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal opening, and cell expansion under this type of stress
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