Abstract
Water stress is one of the limiting factors for rice production. Under rainfed condition with erratic rainfall, water stress becomes a serious threat for sustainable rice production. Drought tolerant cultivars along with appropriate management practices can solve the problem. Field and control condition studies were carried out to study the response of some rice cultivars to water-stress, and to develop appropriate on-farm management strategy for sustainable yield under drought condition. The results revealed that most of the cultivars produced good yield under drought condition compared to normal irrigated condition (under control condition and field study). Levee management strategy (of height of 20 cm) seems a viable option to alleviate the effect of drought under field condition. Levee management and life-support supplemental irrigation (when necessary) can facilitate good yield of most of the cultivars. These cultivars seemed to be appropriate for cultivation in drought-prone areas.
Highlights
Water stress is the main limiting factor for cereal crop production worldwide
The scheduled treatments were: T1 = Control; T2 = Irrigation when available soil moisture (ASM) within the root zone drops below 60%; T3= Irrigation during booting to soft-dough stage, if ASM drops below 60% and normal irrigation for the rest period; T4= Irrigation when ASM drops below 75%
Most of the rice cultivars are affected by abiotic stress, specially water stress
Summary
Water stress is the main limiting factor for cereal crop production worldwide. Water resources are becoming scarce day by day (Kuper et al 2017, Cullet and Stephan 2016). Sikuku et al (2010) investigated the effects of water deficit on physiology and morphology of three varieties of NERICA rainfed rice in the field and green house They imposed treatments as: irrigating once in a day (control), after every 2 days, 4 days and 6 days, respectively. The highest water productivity was found in treatment T3 followed by T2 and TI They concluded that, maintaining continuous standing water in the hybrid rice fields is not necessary for optimum yield. The effects of drought stress on final product, that is yield, and the frequency of supplemental irrigation requirement under rainfed rice depends on the soil type, cultivar (maturity period, drought resistance capacity), ET demand, and rainfall availability at the field site (Ali, 2010b, Ali et al, 2014). The present experiment was designed to: (1) Study the response of cultivars to water-stress, (2) Determine the critical stage(s) of the cultivars to water-stress (if any), and (3) Develop appropriate supplemental irrigation management strategy of some newly developed rice mutants/cultivars for higher yield and water productivity
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