Drought resistance of apple tree and raspberry varieties and forms promising for the Crimea region

Z.I Arifova,M.K Uskov,E.S Khalilov,A.V Smykov,E.F Chelebiev,S Knyazev,M Tsoy,O Panfilova,V Kukhar,O Loretts

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202125401015

Z.I Arifova, M.K Uskov + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125401015

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Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the water regime and drought resistance of varieties and breeding forms of apple tree and raspberry of domestic and foreign breeding of the collection of the FSBSI "NBS-NSC" in laboratory conditions using the method of leaf dehydration. The varieties of apple tree – Favorit and raspberry – Balsam released in the Crimea were taken as a control. Based on the performed studies, groups of promising varieties and breeding forms of apple tree (Valyuta, 12–14–78, 2–5–25–80, 2–11–7–80) and raspberry (Glen Ample, Gusar, Krepysh, 11/15) with a high level of water retention capacity and turgescence were identified. These varieties and forms are of interest for inclusion in the breeding process for drought resistance trait, and are also recommended for introduction into production in the arid conditions of the foothill zone of the Crimea.

Highlights

The climatic conditions of the Crimea foothill zone are not always favorable for fruit and berry crops
Drought often leads to a decrease in photosynthetic capacity, and transport of solutes, loss of turgescence, peroxidation of membrane lipids, and other problems in apple trees
In order to identify the most promising varieties and forms of apple tree according to the degree of drought resistance, 10 samples were analyzed

Summary

Introduction

The climatic conditions of the Crimea foothill zone are not always favorable for fruit and berry crops. Excessive loss of water by the plant during drought causes water regime violation and weakening of physiological processes. Drought-resistant plants have less water loss than non-drought-resistant plants. An important role in regulation of water exchange process is played by cell moistureretaining capacity, which is associated with the content of osmotically active and colloidal substances in them. It is known that the leaves of drought-resistant plants give off less water during wilting than the leaves of less resistant plants [1,2]. Free water is involved in the metabolism, and bound water provides the waterretaining capacity of leaf cells.

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